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BASICS OF HINDUISM

Hinduism is an umbrella organisation with many different sects and religions but all of them have five things in common known as Pañca-Śraddhā

BRAHMAN — the belief in an Absolute qualified by sat-chit-ānanda - space-time-consciousness. This non-conceptual, ineffable Brahman is viewed in different ways by the different sects – some call it Sat, Tat, Ka, Iśvara, Paramātma, Bhagavan, Vishnu, Shiva, Shakti, Ganesha etc.

JĪVĀTMA – the individual Self - a spark, or mode, or ray of BRAHMAN which takes the form of creatures, animals, humans, gods, anti-gods. The Jīvātma is characterised by consciousness which is contracted in the various species, is limited in time and space and the ability to enjoy but it is of the same essential nature as Brahman.

SAMSĀRA — the cycle of birth-death-rebirth - the ocean of conditioned existence in which we all have our being and in which we are reborn again and again.

KARMA — the law of cause and effect, action and reaction - it is Karma that turns the wheel of Samsāra.

MOKṢA/NIRVĀNA — the possibility of attaining release from the cycle of rebirth and reuniting with the Godhead Brahman - the details of this union vary among the sects.

All Hindu sects accept all these five key doctrines but different in their view of them and how they intersect with each other. Hence philosophy in Sanskrit is called darśana which means “view”. The different schools of thought pass the time by having lively and respectful debates with each other about these points of difference.

Obviously each of these topics can be dilated upon to the size of dozens of volumes this is why the spiritual library of Hinduism is the largest in the world.

The underlying unity in Hinduism is based on the concept of unity in plurality - we all respectfully acknowledge that there are different views and that is fine and we generally all get along together.

Hinduism is an open and organic system which is constantly changing, improving, adjusting, adapting and integrating new pieces of code and information.

I daresay that Hinduism is the only religious system which is completely compatible with science - as the facts change, so do our belief systems - for the most part - obviously there is some retardation In some minor groups and sects but very little if any regression.



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